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Manual Therapy - Mobilizing and Manipulation
Joint mobilization
refers to
techniques that are used to treat joint dysfunction such as when there
is stiffness, or pain. When indicated, joint mobilization is
a
safe and effective means of restoring or maintaining movement within a
joint and can also be used to treat pain.. Movement within a
joint and surrounding tissues that are necessary for normal range of
motion that the patient cannot control must be restored in order for
full normal physiological movement to take place. This is
done
manually by your physiotherapist.
Indications
for mobilization and manipulation
1.
Loss of range of motion can be caused by trauma or immobilization or,
most commonly, a combination of the two. For instance, if an elbow
joint has been immobilized for 6-8 weeks due to a fracture the
following changes have occurred:
- loss of extensibilty of soft tissues around the joint such
as ligaments, joint capsule, fascia, and tendons.
- deposition of fibrofatty infiltrates that act as
"intra-articular glue"
- shortening of muscles
- softening and breakdown of articular cartilage
All of the above could
contribute
to abnormal limitation of movement and must be dealt with in treatment
with a strong manual component..
2.
Pain and muscle guarding can be inhibited through the stimulation of
periarticular nerve endings. Type I, II, and III
mechanoreceptors have a relatively low threshold of
excitability
and conduct impulses quickly. Pain receptors (IV) have a high
threshold and these impulses are conducted slowly. This
explains
why joint mobilizing techniques relieve pain by the gate mechanism.
All of the
physiotherapists at
Great Lakes Physiotherapy Centres have advanced postgraduate training
in manual therapeutic techniques.
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